13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Hypothyroidism, Stress ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Solute Intake - Primary ... Stress, Nausea, ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... ACTH-Independent (Primary ... Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ... Staph Aureus, Strep ... #Causes #endocrinology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Deprivation • Primary ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... CHF) • Inborn Metabolism ... #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... infections • primary ... • Provocative Tests ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #neurology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... aldosterone escape #Metabolic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes