16 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology of Diabetic ... pts under large stresses ... to insulin TX, stresses ... pathophysiology #comparison ... endocrinology #diabetes
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Low Renin, Low Aldosterone ... ) - Diabetic Nephropathy ... ) - Aldosterone ... #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes ... blockers • Impaired aldosterone ... Pentamidine • Aldosterone ... #medications #causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... antagonists • Aldosterone ... glycosides • Aldosterone ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... insufficiency - Isolated aldosterone ... Low Renin - Diabetes ... #differential #causes
Effects on body weight of various classes of type-2 diabetes medications.
 - Metformin - Weight Loss
weight of various classes ... of type-2 diabetes ... Weight Gain ++++ #diabetes ... weightloss #weightgain #comparison
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
androgens and aldosterone ... Causes of Adrenal ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... mellitus Aldosterone
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Diabetes Mellitus ... Medication Guide Classes ... insulin in Type 1 Diabetes ... monitors in Type 1 Diabetes ... #pharmacology #comparison
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes ... Receptor Antagonists (Aldosterone ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
electrolyte abnormality caused ... body water in comparison ... among the possible causes ... in blood urea causes ... renin-angiotensin-aldosterone