10 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... Hypovolemia • RAAS inhibitor ... • Calcineurin inhibitor ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... drugs • ACE inhibitors ... #causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... mellitus, SGLT2 inhibitors ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Calcineurin inhibitors ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... NSAIDs • ACE Inhibitors ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... NSAIDs • ACE Inhibitors ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... specific bleeding disorders ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - caused ... seen with SGLT inhibitors ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Correction of diabetic ... ) • Endocrine disorders ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... hypomagnesemia), Eating disorders ... carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ... #diagnosis #nephrology