46 results
diagnosis differential nephrology algorithm endocrinology dm2 medications summary table cardiology high hypomagnesemia inhibitors metabolic pathophysiology polyuria potassium urinary alkalosis chloride
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... • Osmotic diuresis ... • Central diabetes ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
• Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
3L /day Water Diuresis ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Insipidus Mixed Diuresis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Hypokalemia - Osmotic diuresis ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved) • Delayed Maturation
Causes of Enuresis ... Primary Nocturnal Enuresis ... • Cystitis • Diabetes ... Mellitus • Other (Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
Causes of Polyuria ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... Diabetes Insipidus
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... thiazide-like diuretics ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Correction of diabetic ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Diabetes Mellitus: • Impaired Glucose Tolerance • Type I Diabetes • Type
Diagnosis Algorithm Diabetes ... • Type 2 Diabetes ... • Gestational Diabetes ... Corticosteroids • Thiazide diuretics ... endocrinology #causes
Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... Metolazone Loop diuretics ... #Pharmacology # ... loop #thiazide #classes
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