18 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... infarction, Tendineae rupture ... Papillary muscle rupture ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
• Additional culture ... for metastatic infection ... heart failure • Myocardial ... Obtain single blood culture ... worsening valve function
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... identified with modern culture ... #differential # ... #culture #negative
My Patient with Infective Endocarditis (IE) Has Negative Blood Cultures
 - Did they receive antibiotics prior
My Patient with Infective ... Endocarditis (IE ... therapy - Number one cause ... of culture negative ... BloodCultures #Diagnosis #Management
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... Noninfective Causes ... • HACEK • Culture-negative ... #Noninfective #Causes ... #Differential #
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Causes of Severe ... Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture ... Endocarditis, Acute ... : Infective Endocarditis ... #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Chordae Tendinae • Rupture ... • Infarct • Rupture ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... but important causes ... identified with modern culture ... - Standard culture
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Chest Pain - Differential ... Chest Pain: • Myocardium ... Obstruction - Rupture ... Pain #ChestPain #Differential ... #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Culture (+): ... staphylococci Culture ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology