151 results
diagnosis causes algorithm management aki acidosis acute low metabolic potassium hyperkalemia hypokalemia hyponatremia kidney classification pharmacology workup medications sodium hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... excretion • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... #potassium #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... perspiration Renal ... diuresis • Central diabetes ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypermagnesemia Increased magnesium load - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
or enemas - Treatment ... neonates) - Diabetic ... Rhabdomyolysis Increased renal ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency, adrenal ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis Vascular: • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
Intrinsic Renal ... Macrovascular: Renal ... Membranous, FSGS, Diabetic ... #Intrinsic #Renal ... #Disease #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... • Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Ketoacidosis - diabetic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use • Redistribution/
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... bone syndrome • Renal ... Post transplant, Diabetes ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
3 months Pre-Renal ... Atheroemboli • Renal ... hypoperfusion Post-Renal ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology
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