21 results
Hypocalcemia - Workup Algorithm

Dr Nikhil Lohiya - NEPHKIDS 2020 @NEPHKIDS1

#Hypocalcemia #Workup #Algorithm #differential #diagnosis #endocrinology #causes
Workup #Algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #causes #calcium
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Diagnosis Framework ... other hormonal causes ... for non-hormonal causes ... #endocrinology ... #calcium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Bone Tumors - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... common tumour in adults ... Tumors #Tumours #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
Lesion on X-Ray - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Enchondroma (can calcify ... BoneLesion #XRay #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... CYP24A1 mutation (adult ... Hypercalcemia #VitaminD #causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #endocrinology
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Lifestyle  Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis ... ≤ 7.0 % - Most adults ... relative with DM2 ... • Secondary Causes ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay -
lesions. endostea/ scalloping ... #Bone #Tumors #Diagnosis ... #Bony #Differential ... Radiology #XRay #msk ... #lesions #adult
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated