9 results
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... shift • Saline Causes ... edema and capsular ... • Saline May Cause ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
- Differential Diagnosis ... ) • Multiple myeloma ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... : • CKD • Poorly ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... : • CKD • Poorly ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... VBG (acidosis), CK ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... only if no clear cause ... caution in HTN & edema
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... Manifestations Causes ... - Peripheral edema ... - Decreased GFR ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Facial Swelling - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Facial Edema

Infectious:
	• Dental abscess
	• Ludwig's angina
	• Vincent's angina
	• Cellulitis
	•
- Differential Diagnosis ... Contact dermatitis (CD ... Subcutaneous emphysema Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam
Anti-NXP-2 Dermatomyositis

What?
DM with generalized subcutaneous edema
Pts have more myalgias, more severe weakness, and an increased prevalence
papules or plaques located ... Muscle atrophy may cause ... without increasing CK ... • Clear cell renal ... Dermatomyositis #diagnosis