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Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... Cardiac: • Valvular ... Decompensated HF ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... Cardiology #Management
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Atrial Fibrillation ... (PIRATES): - Pulmonary ... - Ischemia (cardiac ... #Fibrillation # ... PIRATES #Emergency #Cardiology
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
with caution in pulmonary ... disease or CHF) ... fibrillation or ... with caution in pulmonary ... disease or CHF)
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
inhibitor; AF, atrial ... fibrillation; ARB ... disease; CRT, cardiac ... #CHF #Congestive ... Algorithm #Management #Cardiology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
• Effusion • Cardiac ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Fibrillation ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... Vessels • Pulmonary
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
relevant Maintain atrial ... sinus rhythm in atrial ... fibrilation may ... hypertension, pulmonary ... #Management #Cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
Atrial Fibrillation ... Echocardiogram (A4C ... fibrillation. ... Echocardiogram #A4C ... #clinical #cardiology
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
FIBRILLATION ... • ATRIAL FLUTTER ... SYPATHOMIMETICS • CARDIAC ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
Absent a wave - Atrial ... fibrillation, sinus ... myxoma, pulmonary ... Absent y descent - Cardiac ... #PhysicalExam #cardiology
Heart Pressures - Reference Cheat Sheet
Formula Review Guide for Heart pressure American Society of Echocardiography
Echocardiography - Right Atrial ... RAP) - Mean Pulmonary ... PVR) - Left Atrial ... Pressure #Heart #Cardiac ... Pressures #Formulas #Cardiology