38 results
Infographic depicting the main pearls of various types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia for the medical student.
of congenital adrenal ... CAH #algorithm #causes ... #pediatrics #CongenitalAdrenalHyperplasia ... treatment #Peds #Endocrinology ... #Adrenal #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal ... #Causes #differential ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... , adrenal, prostate ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... 21-OHD in the adrenal ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology ... #peds #pediatrics
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... Thrombophilia (adrenal ... , Rickettsia), Trauma ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... ACTH - Primary adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Causes of Altered ... Involvement - Other • Trauma ... Excesses • Liver/Renal ... Hyponatremia • Hypocalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Pediatric Causes of Abdominal Pain

Surgical:
 - Acute appendicitis 
 - Intestinal obstruction including intussusception 
 -
Pediatric Causes ... Pancreatitis - Trauma ... hydronephrosis • renal ... Abdominal #Pain #Pediatrics ... #Causes #Differential