11 results
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... hyperviscosity syndrome • Triggers ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... into serum • Triggers ... #diagnosis #management
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... has good renal function ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... with TSAT <20% (functional ... improvement in symptoms ... composite endpoint of all-cause ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
Usually middle-aged diabetic ... Clinical Signs/Symptoms ... Pathophysiology: ... diabetic patients ... important Management
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
non-secreting (30%) as ... Signs / Symptoms ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
the study) • Triggers ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: >3 symptoms ... unless severe APLS ... APML #diagnosis #management
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Lateral Sclerosis (ALS ... lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... disrupt cellular function ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... neurology #diagnosis #management
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
recognition and management ... • In all patients ... Common Signs and Symptoms ... Pathophysiology ... Impaired cytotoxic function
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia - Illness Script

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: Unknown trigger, reversible inflammatory/fibroproliferative process. Polypoid fibroblastic aggregates that plug
Illness Script PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... : Unknown trigger ... usually misdiagnosed as ... CAP • Symptoms ... Pneumonia #diagnosis #management
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
MUCORMYCOSIS • Risk: Diabetes ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... tissue manifests as ... sporotrichosis or as ... Fungal #Diagnosis #Management