40 results
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
environmental triggers ... HLA-DR4 mutation ... yrs old; F>M Signs ... - Normocytic Anemia ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... • Triggers: Diuretics ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... age, however the disease ... signs and symptoms ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... and symptoms: ... Treatment: • Consider ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... with leukopenia, anemia ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Treatment
Primary HLH:
 - HLH-94 Protocol
    • Dexamethasone
varies depending on trigger ... or autoimmune disease ... for refractory disease ... #Treatment #management ... #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
) Pathophysiology ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #summary ... #rheumatology
Short Bowel Syndrome - Acute and Chronic Adverse Signs and Symptoms of Ileal Resection
 • Dehydration
Short Bowel Syndrome ... and Symptoms of ... • Pernicious Anemia ... #Signs #Symptoms ... Ileal #Resection #pathophysiology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Haematological: Anaemia ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ... • Vomiting • Anemia ... Alarm features: • Anemia ... reduction • Avoid “trigger ... #diagnosis #management