11 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
bone. ... "pooping duck sign ... bone fracture ... "pooping duck sign ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis
Most Common Carpal Bone Fractures by Frequency
 • Scaphoid - 50-80%
 • Triquetral - 5-20%
 •
Most Common Carpal ... Bone Fractures ... Scaphoid - 50-80% • Triquetral ... radiology #msk #orthopedics ... #diagnosis
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
bones should be ... "Terry Thomas" sign ... to diagnosis scapholunate ... bones should be ... ("Terry Thomas sign
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... activates lipolysis Signs ... expansion (e.g. carpal ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... , Fragile bones/ ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
overgrowth: • Carpal ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
tear a portion of bone ... Fractures #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
and underlying bone ... #Dislocation #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Pathogenesis and Joint diseases features
 • RA affects 1% of population, women >
in subchondral bone ... boggy" joints, esp carpal ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
cause excessive bone ... turnover -> Incr bone ... the vertebral canal ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs