51 results
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
Bone Lesion on X-Ray ... - Differential ... Constitutional Symptoms ... Sarcoma #Bony #Mass ... BoneLesion #XRay #MSK #Differential
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
paresthetica • Symptoms ... 3-6 months of symptom ... rule out: focal mass ... reflexes), palpable mass ... pathophysiology #differential
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... mass) • Post-menopausal ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Osteosarcoma 
Most common primary malignant bone tumor in children 
Most Common Sites of Involvement:
1. Distal femur
primary malignant bone ... injury • Systemic symptoms ... • Soft tissue mass
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
ALP) Elevation - Differential ... - Highest • Bone ... Most common symptoms ... symptoms - Pain ... ALP #Elevation #Differential
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
Malignant Bone Tumors ... • Metastatic bone ... • Metastatic bone ... Signs/Symptoms: ... • Soft-tissue mass
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms ... Increased fat mass ... atypia (46,XX) • Bone ... fusion, Decreased bone ... Deficiency #Signs #Symptoms
Dizziness and Vertigo Algorithm
Presyncope:
 • Feels "faint" or like they are going to "pass out"
 •
are going to "pass ... out" • Symptoms ... spinning" • Symptoms ... or walking • Symptoms ... Algorithm #dizzy #differential
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... lipolysis Signs/Symptoms ... - Incr fat mass
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... Media • Temporal Bone ... Imbalance, neurologic symptoms ... Vertigo #Neurology #Differential