54 results
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Primary Adrenal ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Reduced libido • Signs ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... , Fragile bones/ ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... due to increased bone ... resorption: • Primary ... calcium)-alkali syndrome ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... structure-related • Primary ... , adrenal, prostate ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #endocrinology
Cushing Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms
Generalized: Weight gain, Slow healing of cuts, Increased risk of infections,
Cushing Syndrome ... - Signs and Symptoms ... blood pressure Bones ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hormone–dependent Primary ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
Primary and secondary ... hypotension - Nausea ... eosinophilia Primary ... Insufficiency #Signs ... #Symptoms #Adrenal
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... ACTH-Independent (Primary ... Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #endocrinology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Deprivation • Primary ... • Congenital Adrenal ... Chemotherapy • Bone ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs ... and Symptoms • ... atypia (46,XX) • Bone ... fusion, Decreased bone ... #endocrinology