246 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
The triquetrum ... fractured carpal bone ... "pooping duck sign ... common carpal bone ... "pooping duck sign
Ossification of Carpal Bones

It’s always tricky to remember the age of ossification of the carpal bones
Ossification of Carpal Bones ... of the carpal bones ... at the carpal bones ... -6-7 years for Triquetral ... Wrist #Diagnosis #Peds
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
Pathogenesis and clinical ... mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Prader-Willi Syndrome Signs ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical findings
 • Stimulation of joint nociceptors in subchondral bone -> Pain with loading
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical ... in subchondral bone ... contact between bony ... Osteoarthritis #OA #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): X-ray features
 • Soft tissue swelling (best seen by comparing left & right
Narrowing • Bony ... the articular bone ... Peri-articular osteopenia (bones ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Clinical ... #Pathophysiology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... , Fragile bones/ ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical Signs:
 • hyperCalcemia 28% (bone demineralization)
 • Renal disease 48%
Management Summary Clinical ... Signs: • hyperCalcemia ... • Anemia 78% (bone ... macrocytic • Bone ... clonal cell in bone
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... tenderness • Positive one-legged ... XR — scotty dog sign ... MSK #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms