16 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
The triquetrum ... fractured carpal bone ... common carpal bone ... fractures • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
absorption ↑ bone ... Hypophosphatemia: ↑ bone ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Diagnosis and Management ... - Accelerated Bone ... Formation: Hungy Bone ... Hypocalcemia #Diagnosis #Management ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
- Hormones and Pathophysiology ... Calcitriol: • Bones ... : ↑ Bone resorption ... Hypercalcemia #Hormones #Pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
and stimulating bone ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
Bone resorption ... the surface of bone ... from the adjacent bone ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology
Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis Treatment or Prevention 

Bisphosphonates are common medications used in the treatment and prevention
turn increase bone ... #Pharmacology #Endocrinology ... #Osteoporosis #Management
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Diagnosis and Management ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of bacilli to bone ... smear microscopy Management ... TB #Diagnosis #Management