16 results
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal ... more: • Clonal bone ... Causes of false- ... amyloidosis Other causes ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
RBCs on Smear • Chronic ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Causes of Diffuse Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Reactive:
 - Systemic Inflammatory
     •
Causes of Diffuse ... Age > 50 • Chronic ... Lymphocytes) - Monoclonal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology #Oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
= Hypocellular bone ... and petechiae Causes ... • Suggested by bone ... hypoplasia/fatty bone ... Anemia #oncology #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
• Anemia of chronic ... deficiencies: Chronic ... Hypogonadism • Bone ... marrow failure: Aplastic ... Production #Index #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
dys- (abnormal) -plastic ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... • Bone marrow ... Management #treatment #hematology
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... • Marrow Aplasia ... RA, SLE, PRV, Chronic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... -> chronic pain ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
SAPHO Syndrome Summary

What?
SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of bone, joint, and skin characterized
syndrome is a rare chronic ... inflammatory disorder of bone ... Rule out other causes ... SAPHO #Syndrome #Rheumatology ... diagnosis #management #Dermatology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... , Biological + Bone ... /ml, ↑ LDH • Bone ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... treatment #summary #rheumatology