38 results
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
- Differential Diagnosis ... Most common symptoms ... Pregnancy - Renal ... symptoms - Pain ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... mineralization Symptoms ... neuropathy • Renal ... : - Renal failure ... Difficulty walking Diagnosis
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tumours - See Bone ... Pelvis - Positive Alkaline ... Gastrointestinal Disease • Bone ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
due to increased bone ... Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal ... Milk (calcium)-alkali ... #differential #diagnosis ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
breast, lung, renal ... lung cancer • Renal ... Dietary • Milk-alkali ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Milk Alkali) • ... #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
suspicious clinical symptoms ... Areas of diagnostic ... ALP, alkaline phosphatase ... mellitus; USS, ultrasound ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Cushing Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms
Generalized: Weight gain, Slow healing of cuts, Increased risk of infections,
Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms ... blood pressure Bones ... Syndrome #Signs #Symptoms ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology