24 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renin secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
associated with short ... bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Myelitis, Trauma, Tumor ... aminoglycosides) • Muscles: Acid ... Malnutrition, Metabolic ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... of hypokalemia starts ... Renin-secreting tumor ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #nephrology #potassium
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... (e.g. stroke, tumor ... #diagnosis #neurology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Renin-secreting tumor ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Rhabdomyolysis • Tumor ... lysis syndrome ... • Metabolic acidosis ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... • Structural: Tumor ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... #neurology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Renin-secreting tumor ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... , Liddle's Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Short Stature - ... CHF) • Inborn Metabolism ... Nervosa • CNS Tumors ... endocrinology #causes ... #pediatrics