31 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
hyperglycemic crises ... diabetes Key signs/symptoms ... of HHS/DKA: Both ... (dry MM, skin turgor ... , N/V, diffuse abdominal
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea ... ILD, Sarcoid, Tumor ... Ascites, Intra-abdominal ... monoxide poisoning, DKA ... #Causes #Differential
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Management Summary Symptoms ... : • Abdominal pain ... • Nausea • Polyuria ... , and death DKA
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Management Summary Symptoms ... : • Abdominal pain ... • Nausea • Polyuria ... , and death DKA
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Chronic Abdominal ... Pain Causes - Differential ... changes • Urinary symptoms ... Recurrent: Consider tumor ... genitourinary causes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Findings • Note: in DKA ... out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... resting HR) • Abdominal
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Erythropoietin Secreting Tumor ... 90%, Abnormal Abdominal ... Chest Symptoms ... Sleep Apnea • Chronic
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
onset (acute vs. chronic ... 2) Presence of symptoms ... (HA, nausea, confusion ... edema, JVD, skin turgor
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... Presentation seems like DKA ... History of acute or chronic ... ingestion/exposure Symptoms ... : Nausea, Vomiting
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction and Ileus - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Ileus: Functional bowel "blockage", no peristalsis
Mechanical Obstruction:
presents with acute abdominal ... pain and related symptoms ... either acute or chronic ... abdominal pain ... percussion • Nausea