82 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
• HTN, High Aldosterone ... Renin secreting tumor ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... -> Allantoin (High ... #TumorLysis #Syndrome ... #TLS #Pathophysiology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diuretics (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High ... aldosteronism • High ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Renin-Secreting Tumor ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... immature blasts and high ... WBC count cause ... • Pathophysiology ... Spontaneous if high
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Rhabdomyolysis • Tumor ... lysis syndrome ... glycosides • High ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Diuretics (late) • High ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Primary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No onset of menarche by age 16 with secondary
Causes of Primary ... Ovarian Etiology - High ... ) • 45, XO Turner ... Irradiation • Tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Renin-secreting tumor ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium