173 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... of hypokalemia ... Renin-secreting tumor ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... Hypocalcemia • Hyperkalemia ... #TumorLysis #Syndrome ... #TLS #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renin secreting tumor ... , Gitelman syndrom ... @priti899 #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... of Hypercalcemia ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Differential #Causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Rhabdomyolysis • Tumor ... lysis syndrome ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... Before evaluating hypokalemia ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Renin secreting tumor
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Lysis Syndrome ... Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... • Pathophysiology ... hydration - Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Other humoral syndromes ... disease - Williams syndrome ... #Causes #Differential