14 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... STAGES of CHF (A ... III and class IV symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
American College of Cardiology ... or signs of heart ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #CHF #Congestive ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... #management #cardiology
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
IgA Vasculitis – ... periumbilical region), nausea ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Summary of clinical findings for patients with encephalitis, by cause

#Encephalitis #Signs #Symptoms #Table #Diagnosis #Differential #CSF
encephalitis, by cause ... #Encephalitis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Table ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #CSF
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
hair follicles -> causes ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
blood vessels (vasculitis ... inflammation tends to cause ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Diagnosis Framework ... Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... tract, and often causes