33 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... - RAAS ON (UNa ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... - RAAS OFF (UNa ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... nephrology #sodium #high
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
or Ineffective (UNa ... diuresis can be high ... solute intake, UNa ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Visualizing Hypotonic Hyponatremia

 • UNa reveals RAAS activity.
 • UOsm reveals ADH activity.
 • ADH secretion
Visualizing Hypotonic ... Hyponatremia ... • UNa reveals RAAS ... #Hyponatremia # ... Graph #nephrology #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
, Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hyponatremia: ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Differential #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Treat with a high ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... and Treatment Hyponatremia ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... demyelination syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... Differential Diagnosis ... : - ANCA-positive ... infiltrates) → high ... #differential #diagnosis