4950 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Hypervolemia, UNa ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... Vasculits: ANCA, ANA ... Anti-GBM, Anti-ds-DNA ... , C3/C4, ENA, immunoglobulins ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa ... Cirrhosis • UNa ... differential #algorithm #causes
Autoantibodies in Rheumatology
 • Lupus (SLE): ANA (anti-nuclear antibody), dsDNA (double-stranded DNA), Anti-Smith, Anti-Ro (SSA) and
• Lupus (SLE): ANA ... double-stranded DNA ... Anti-centromere, Scl-70 (DNA ... topoisomerase I), RNA
Drugs Causing Acute Pancreatitis

Class Ia: The medications in which there was a rechallenge and other causes
rechallenge and other causes ... out other common causes ... Class II: Cases ... and atleast4 case ... #Pancreatitis #Causes
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Treat underlying cause ... : • Causes can ... • With lower Na ... administered • Can cause ... osmolality < 538 AND UNa
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... algorithm Urine Na ... +K / serum Na >1 ... or Ineffective (UNa ... solute intake, UNa
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Rifamycins - Antibiotics Class Overview

Include Rifampin, Rifaximin, Rifapentine, Rifabutin.

Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (unique mechanism).
Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent ... RNA polymerase
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
Rouleaux Flow on POCUS ... significantly, it causes ... echogenic as in this case ... for underlying cause ... Jugular #IJ #Vein #POCUS