836 results
Autoantibodies in Rheumatology
 • Lupus (SLE): ANA (anti-nuclear antibody), dsDNA (double-stranded DNA), Anti-Smith, Anti-Ro (SSA) and
• Lupus (SLE): ANA ... double-stranded DNA ... Anti-centromere, Scl-70 (DNA ... topoisomerase I), RNA
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hypovolemia, UNa ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Trauma Euvolemia, UNa ... Hypervolemia, UNa ... Hypervolemia, UNa
Rifamycins - Antibiotics Class Overview

Include Rifampin, Rifaximin, Rifapentine, Rifabutin.

Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (unique mechanism).
Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent ... RNA polymerase
Hepatitis B Virus Serology and Interpretation
HBsAg - Anti-HBs - Anti-HBc - HBeAg - Anti-HBe
 - Acute
state (low HBV DNA ... replication (high HBV DNA ... diagnosis #laboratory #hepatology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine Na ... +K / serum Na >1 ... or Ineffective (UNa ... solute intake, UNa
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa ... Cirrhosis • UNa
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
detectable, high HBV DNA ... undetectable, low HBV DNA ... detectable, high HBV DNA ... 2xULN • HBV DNA ... Indications #management #hepatology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Vasculits: ANCA, ANA ... Anti-GBM, Anti-ds-DNA ... , C3/C4, ENA, immunoglobulins
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
- RAAS ON (UNa ... - RAAS OFF (UNa
Radius and Ulna Anatomy

By @rev.med

#Radius #Ulna #Anatomy #Bones #orthopedics #MSK
Radius and Ulna ... rev.med #Radius #Ulna