9 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Hyperthyroidism (low TSH, High T4/T3) - Diagnostic Algorithm

Radioactive iodine scan – get if concern for nodular
) - Diagnostic Algorithm ... if pregnant or breast ... feeding! ... Hyperthyroid #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #Endocrinology
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology ... act together to break ... Please see details ... #Pathophysiology ... DKA #Diabetes #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Breast, Kidney, ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone ... #Endocrinology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia -> Venous beading ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
Bone resorption ... bridge”) create ... These enzymes break-down ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infiltration: Often breast ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... hemolysis) • ALP: Bone ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Bleeding Risk for Various Invasive/Surgical Procedures
Low Risk:
 • Dental extractions (1 or 2 teeth), endodontic (root
Bleeding Risk for ... surgery (e.g. breast ... • Non-cataract ophthalmologic ... procedures (e.g. bone ... polypectomy) #Bleeding