15 results
Non-cirrhotic Hyperammonemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hematologic & Vascular:
 • Multiple myeloma & Acute leukemia (plasma cells
Hyperammonemia - Differential ... Infections: • Urease-producing ... retention Unmasked Urea ... - TPN, GI bleeding ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
ED Treatment of 
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 

Hemodynamically unstable 
Resuscitation 
 • ABCs! 
 • Fluids +
ED Treatment of ... Abnormal Uterine ... Bleeding Hemodynamically ... thromboembolic disease, breast ... endometrial path0100' or breast
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology ... act together to break ... In DKA, the normal ... Please see details ... #Pathophysiology
Bleeding manifestations 
Petechiae are small, flat, red, discrete areas of skin bleeding that are typically <2
red, discrete areas ... occur in dependent areas ... follow dependent areas ... , PT should be normal ... VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag (differentiate
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... Treatment: ... • Treat primary ... - APTT < 1.5 x normal ... diagnosis #causes #treatment
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia -> Venous beading ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
photoreceptors -> Break ... fundoscopy -> New abnormal ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Pathophysiology ... initiation • Differential ... Renal Failure Treatment ... 500 mg QD until normal
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Infiltration: Often breast ... function may be abnormal ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... injury #hepatitis #differential
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Large volume feeding ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... • Diminished breath ... Lung Abscess Differential ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential