11 results
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Hormone Intake • Chronic ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Shortness of Breath ... Chest Symptoms ... #Causes #Hematology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
findings Acute or Chronic ... into contiguous areas ... postauricular crease ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
in sun exposed areas ... hair follicles -> causes ... keratinocytes but abnormal ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... Infiltration: Often breast ... > 2 • NASH, Chronic ... injury: > 3 • Chronic
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
on the skin • Areas ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms ... - Core temp normal ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
85% • < 50% in chronic ... infection) • Chronic ... • At risk: AIDS ... level • A low or normal ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
, Shortness of breath ... Constitutional symptoms ... Abdominal pain, chronic ... factor • May cause ... Infections #HIV #AIDS
Chemical Eye Injury: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Exogenous chemical to the eye and/or adnexa
 • Ammonia, sodium
hydrofluoric, acetic, chromic ... the most common acids ... Acidic injuries cause ... Alkali injuries cause ... #pathophysiology