102 results
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... - Inherited Urea ... of ammonia: - Urease ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Prostatitis - Urease-producing ... Klebsiella) degrade urea ... which may cause ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
• Gilbert's Syndrome ... Crigler-Najjar Syndromes ... Dilatation on Ultrasound ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... disease - Renal ultrasound ... Duplex Doppler ultrasound ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... Precipitation => • Urate ... #TumorLysis #Syndrome ... #TLS #Pathophysiology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Infiltration- often breast ... Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) is one of several disorders of the electrical system of the heart that
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome ... pre-excitation syndromes ... WPW is caused by ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Pericardial Effusion - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Viral: Enterovirus, Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus
 • Bacterial: Mycobacterium
Causes of Pericardial ... Arthritis, Sjogren Syndrome ... Disease, Behcet Syndrome ... : Lung Cancer, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... are the leading cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology