10 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
if renal function ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... suggests extra-renal ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADH promotes Urea ... High Uric Acid → renal ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
steatorrhea) • Renal ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... investigations depending on clinical ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
tubule (DCT) Clinical ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Magnesium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Appropriate renal ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Osmoles, Increased Urate ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology