20 results
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Gitelman syndrome ... from Bartter syndrome ... • Urine Ca/Cr ... #syndrome #Bartter ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADH promotes Urea ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Mg2+ deficiency, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low