13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... differentiating kidney ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... Mg2+ deficiency, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
• Skin and/or ... • Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... acid transporter Bartter ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Increased open time and ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... - Diagnosis and ... autosomal dominant kidney ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low Kidney ... Bisphosphonate and ... #nephrology #phosphorus ... #workup