34 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea ... investigations abnormal ... investigations depending on clinical ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... consumption • Low ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... formed or don’t work ... age 70 years Symptoms ... skin that are caused ... Workup: • Complete
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... Constitutional symptoms ... • Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... 60-80% - Low
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
changes and may cause ... severe clinical ... overload) Other Symptoms ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... renal failure Clinical ... are not caused ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... : (distinct symptoms
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... to be falsely normal ... produces them when low ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology