11 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia antiarrhythmics cardiology causes classes pharmacology aids alkalosis associated cardiorenal chloride dementia disorder gitelman hepatology hepatorenal high hiv
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... Reduced renal blood flow ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... as arrhythmias and ... treated with IV potassium ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers: • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... : CLASS 1 - Sodium ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary Cardiac Conduction Phases: Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization: • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... : CLASS 1 - Sodium ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) Definition: • Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment. • Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Pathophysiology: ... Classification: ... • Urine sodium ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... ARVs can have low ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... with low CD4 counts
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
the epithelial sodium ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium ... #Classification
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