16 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... potassium #low #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → - ↑ K+ and ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter ... syndrome and Gitelman ... syndrome, Isolated ... #causes #nephrology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... culture used to diagnose ... • Metabolic syndrome ... culture- Diagnose ... #Gout #Comparison
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
acid transporter Bartter ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Increased open time and ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Skin and/or ... • Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Differential Diagnosis ... electrolytes, urea ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... the blood-brain barrier ... the blood-brain barrier ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome