18 results
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
- Hemolytic anemia ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Coagulation Defects ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... • HCV, HBV Not
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... barrier (BBB), and infects ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... motor slowing and ataxia
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Hepatitis • HIV ... • Somatization Disorder ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ... #causes
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... multiple myeloma) • Urate ... • Drugs • HIV ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... hepatitis serology, HIV ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
disconnection syndrome ... the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... Agraphia #clinical #neurology ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
• Sjögren’s syndrome ... • Visual field defect ... optic disk • HIV ... • Systemic disorder ... ophthalmology #causes
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Immunodeficiency disorder ... • Affects 1:25,000 ... - gastric and breast ... DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Suspect in movement disorders ... Demyelinating disease caused ... Symptoms: AMS, motor deficits ... periventricular areas ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... differential #algorithm