27 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Glycols - ethylene and ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... Pneumonia • ARDS ... Hyperthyroidism • Metabolic
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and ... metabolic alkalosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
decreased metabolism ... - Inherited Urea ... of ammonia: - Urease ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... as arrhythmias and ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... metabolic acidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Causes of Failure to Thrive - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Adequate Calorie Consumption
 - Increased Losses:
Causes of Failure ... Utilize: • Metabolic ... Disorders • Syndromes ... Congenital Heart Defect ... inadequate protein and
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #nephrology #differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes