14 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... clinical context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... Motor and sensory deficits ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
disconnection syndrome ... the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... Agraphia #clinical #neurology ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... barrier (BBB), and infects ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... motor slowing and ataxia
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
an autoimmune disorder ... Paraneoplastic effects ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Afferent pupillary defect ... impairment, Mood disorder ... Cramping, Weakness, Ataxia ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 cases ... and pernicious anemia ... Pathophysiology ... other neurological disorders ... limb or joint disorders
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... • Symptoms and signs ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... differential #algorithm
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Immunodeficiency disorder ... • Affects 1:25,000 ... - gastric and breast ... DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... preferentially affects ... • Bilateral signs ... • Infectious causes ... diagnosis #management #neurology