13 results
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
disconnection syndrome ... the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... Agraphia #clinical #neurology ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... Motor and sensory deficits ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... barrier (BBB), and infects ... • Depressive symptoms ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... often- Sensory ataxia ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... differential #algorithm
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Suspect in movement disorders ... Demyelinating disease caused ... : AMS, motor deficits ... periventricular areas ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 cases ... and pernicious anemia ... Pathophysiology ... other neurological disorders ... limb or joint disorders
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Immunodeficiency disorder ... • Affects 1:25,000 ... - gastric and breast ... DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Afferent pupillary defect ... impairment, Mood disorder ... Cramping, Weakness, Ataxia ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... preferentially affects ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... • Infectious causes ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
Compression • Genetic Defects ... Mitochondrial disorders ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #table