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diagnosis hyponatremia sodium algorithm differential uricacid adh aids associated cerebral dementia disorder ebv gitelman gout hand hiv hypokalemia hypotonic hypovolemia
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Salt Wasting vs SIADH ... - Pathophysiology ... → Increased urine ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #comparison
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
ADH promotes Urea ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Uric Acid - Low ... Uric Acid → SIADH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
uric acid <4 • SIADH ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... diagnosis #sodium #low ... #nephrology
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) Tumor Cell Lysis -> Release of DNA • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... -> Uric Acid (low ... Precipitation => • Urate ... Nephropathy (low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... restriction alone in SIADH ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
CPPD vs Gout == CPPD == Think About CPPD When: • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... Monosodium urate ... • Metabolic syndrome ... predominance • Urate ... #Gout #Comparison
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
body water in comparison ... Rise in blood urea ... stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low ... EBV #potomania #SIADH
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... ARVs can have low ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... untreated HIV and with low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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