37 results
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... multiparous women - Urge ... Contraction - Signs ... Obstruction #Urinary
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
Woltman’s sign on ... reflex — Woltman’s sign ... a diagnosis of primary ... Woltman’s sign, ... #Woltmans #Signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... investigations abnormal ... context and signs ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Findings Urgency Urinary ... sudden, strong urge ... Pathophysiology #Signs
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Primary hyperaldo ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... secreting tumor, Primary ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Al, Low R - Primary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Nephropathy Renin Normal ... Renin High: • Primary ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
• Low TSH, Low normal ... of pregnancy, critical ... high T4 +/- T3 → Primary ... Hyperthyroidism → Signs ... Hyperthyroidism #algorithm