37 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in ... urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... 3.5 g/day) but in ... severe cases ... may be in nephrotic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... a variety of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #nephrology #interpretation
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Nephritis When ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... unilateral flank pain ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... in creatinine by ... Epithelial cell casts ... Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Management of Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis (aka Acute Interstitial Nephritis). Simplified management algorithm for investigation and treatment
Simplified management algorithm ... investigation and treatment ... for renal biopsy in ... medexplosion.com/acute-tubulointerstitial-nephritis-short-notes-and-flash-cards ... / #Nephrology