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diagnosis differential management aki hyponatremia kidneyinjury microscopy pharmacology anasarca blood cardiology chf clinical comparison criticalcare diuresis diuretics edema excretion foamed
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Increased renal sodium ... retention, Urine ... • Sepsis • Acute ... #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... #nephrology #interpretation
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... syndrome) Euvolemic ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... cell/white cell casts ... urine sediment ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #syndrome #nephrology
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