14 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinalysis & Urine ... Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... 2% Urine sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... causes of anion ... , the urine sodium ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... /microscopy/UOP/ ... weights - Urine ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... (Urinalysis or ... syndrome: • Flank pain ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #urology #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis ... repeat testing • Acute ... unilateral flank pain ... → Refer to Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... the urinary tract ... protein indicating acute ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... microscopy / urinary ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... require urgent nephrology ... circulating volume, Urinary ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... The next step in ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology