15 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... → Evaluate for nephrolithiasis ... if cause not identified ... Workup #urology #blood
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Stones Acute Managment ... Surgical Rx: • ACUTE ... protein - Low sodium ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology ... #nephrolithiasis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low blood ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Obstruction (Tumor, Nephrolithiasis ... #Kidney #Injury ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... solubility: • Low urine ... Medullary sponge kidney ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #nephrology #low
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Blood (hemoglobin ... • Red blood cells ... : • White blood ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Acute Tubular Necrosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Recovery from Acute ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... effective arterial blood ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology