8 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... • Evidence of glomerular ... for renal biopsy ... if cause not identified ... #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... Suggestive of glomerular ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... osmolarity If cause ... Interstitial nephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... red - cells Non-glomerular ... also be seen if urine ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 24-hour urine ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... #testing #workup ... #nephritic #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... formation along glomerular ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 1) 24-hour urine ... infections are common causes ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... hyperreactivity • Urologic ... kidney disease, and nephrotic ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology