21 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... investigations depending on clinical ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... deposits - Post-infectious ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
for renal biopsy ... and referral to Urology ... if cause not identified ... #Workup #urology ... #blood #urine
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... • Diarrhea A urine
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... disease Red blood ... Urinary tract infections ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... nervous system (CNS ... Non-inflammatory causes ... MRI lesions and clinical ... #neurology #noninflammatory
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... autoantibodies that will cause ... thrombosis and/or blood-brain ... #neurology #rheumatology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... based on repeat clinic ... visits, Ambulatory blood ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Weakness - Dark urine ... UA positive for blood
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Anti-GBM antibody • Urine ... : UA, Urine protein ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood