13 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... pain + gross or microscopic ... microscopic and ... #urology #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy. ... #Causes
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... hematuria, mild ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Urine chloride is ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology